Part 2. Environmental Effects of Illicit
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اتیولوژی جامعه شناسی اعتیاد
The phenomenon of illicit drugs is a physical fact with clear characteristics and objective effects which are measurable. However, its effects may or may not be compatible with observer's mental concept. One of the accepted definitions of illicit drugs in social sciences is that they affect on individuals' psycho conditions namely the function of brain, spirit, kindness, feelings, understanding...
متن کاملOccurrence of Chiral Bioactive Compounds in the Aquatic Environment: A Review
In recent decades, the presence of micropollutants in the environment has been extensively studied due to their high frequency of occurrence, persistence and possible adverse effects to exposed organisms. Concerning chiral micropollutants in the environment, enantiomers are frequently ignored and enantiomeric composition often neglected. However, enantioselective toxicity is well recognized, hi...
متن کاملبازار مواد مخدر در ایران نگاهی ویژه به بازار تهران
This article reviews Iranian illicit drug market and also addresses the amount of consumption, type of consuming drugs as well as drug prices in Tehran’s market. To examine Iranian drug market, we have reviewed opium prices in Afghanistan and drug transition routes into the I. R. of Iran where some part of transited drugs are exported to Europe and United States of America. Owing to the fact t...
متن کاملSpecificity of genetic and environmental risk factors for symptoms of cannabis, cocaine, alcohol, caffeine, and nicotine dependence.
CONTEXT Although genetic risk factors have been found to contribute to dependence on both licit and illicit psychoactive substances, we know little of how these risk factors interrelate. OBJECTIVE To clarify the structure of genetic and environmental risk factors for symptoms of dependence on cannabis, cocaine, alcohol, caffeine, and nicotine in males and females. DESIGN Lifetime history by...
متن کاملTobacco, cannabis, and other illicit drug use among Finnish adolescent twins: causal relationship or correlated liabilities?
OBJECTIVE Among Finnish adolescent twins, we compared (a) a model that describes a direct impact of liability to tobacco use on cannabis and other illicit drug use with (b) a model that included a shared underlying liability for these substances. Furthermore, the extent to which genetic and environmental influences contribute to the covariation between liabilities to use these substances was ex...
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